Imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba isalokhu iyindlela ethandwayo yokufinyelela ukushiswa kwesikhumba okusheshayo, ngisho nangokwengeziwe — ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni ezibandayo noma kulabo abafuna imiphumela yokulawulwa kokushiswa kwesikhumba endlini. Kodwa-ke, okunye kokukhathazeka okuvame kakhulu abantu abanakho ukuthi imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba iyalimaza yini isikhumba. Impendulo emfushane:yebo, imibhede yendabuko yokushisa isikhumba ingabangela amazinga ahlukahlukene okulimala kwesikhumbaKodwa ukuqondaKanjani, kungani, futhiindlela yokunciphisa ingozikungakusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo eziphephile nezinolwazi oluthe xaxa.
Lesi sihloko sichaza isayensi ngemuva kokulimala kwesikhumba okuhlobene nokushiswa kwesikhumba, ukuthi yiziphi izingozi zangempela, nokuthi imishini yesimanje - okuhlanganisaUbuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokushiswa kwesikhumba eMelika— kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuphepha kanye nokusebenza kahle kokushiswa kwesikhumba.
Yini Ebangela Ukulimala Kwesikhumba Emibhedeni Yokushiswa Kwesikhumba?
Imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba isebenza ngokukhipha uketsheziimisebe ye-UV yokwenziwaokungena esikhumbeni sakho ukuze kukhuthazwe ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokukhanya kwe-UV ezihilelekile:
Imisebe ye-UVA (95% yokukhishwa kwe-tanning)
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Ingena ezingqimbeni ezijulile zesikhumba
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Unesibopho sokushisa isikhumba isikhathi eside
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Kungabangelaukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi, imibimbi, ukuncipha kokuqina kwesikhumba
Imisebe ye-UVB (5% yokukhishwa kwe-tan)
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Khuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin ezingqimbeni zesikhumba ezingaphezulu
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Unesibopho sokushiswa yilanga
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KungabangelaUmonakalo we-DNAfuthi kwandisa izingozi zomdlavuza wesikhumba
Nakuba imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba yangaphakathi ilawulwa, ukuchayeka kwi-UV kusathinta isikhumba ngendlela efanayo nokukhanya kwelanga kwemvelo - kugxile kakhulu kuphela.
Izinhlobo Zomonakalo Wesikhumba Obangelwa Yimibhede Yokushiswa Kwesikhumba
1. Ukuguga Kwesikhumba Ngaphambi Kwesikhathi (Ukuthatha Izithombe)
Ukuvezwa yi-UV kusheshisa ukuwohloka kwe-collagen, okuholela ku:
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Imibimbi
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Imigqa emincane
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Isikhumba esiwohlokayo
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Amabala elanga
Yingakho ukusebenzisa njalo imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba kungenza isikhumba sibonakale sidala kakhulu empilweni.
2. Ukwanda kwe-pigmentation namabala amnyama
Ukuvezwa ngokweqile kwe-UV kungaphazamisa ukusatshalaliswa kwe-melanin, okubangela:
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Ithoni yesikhumba engalingani
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Amabala amnyama
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Amabala kanye nezindawo zokuguga
Lezi zinguquko zivame ukuba yinto ehlala njalo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
3. Ukushiswa Yilanga Nokucasuka Kwesikhumba
Ngisho nasezindaweni zesimanje zokushiswa kwesikhumba, ukuchayeka ku-UVB kusengaholela ku:
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Ububomvu
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Ukuvuvukala
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Ukuxebuka
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Ukuzwela
Ukushiswa yilanga kungenye yezimpawu ezicacile ze-umonakalo omkhulu we-UV.
4. Ukulimala kwe-DNA kanye nezingozi zomdlavuza wesikhumba
Ukuchayeka kwe-UV okuphindaphindiwe kungalimaza i-DNA yeselula. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lo monakalo ungabangela:
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I-basal cell carcinoma
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I-carcinoma yamaseli e-squamous
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I-Melanoma (uhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu)
Nakuba ingozi yomuntu ngamunye ihlukahluka, ukushiswa kwesikhumba isikhathi eside kwandisa ukuchayeka kwe-UV okwandayo - okuyisici esibalulekile ekukhuleni komdlavuza wesikhumba.
Ingabe Imibhede Yesimanje Yokushiswa Kwesikhumba Iphephile?
Imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba yanamuhla — ikakhulukazi amamodeli aphezulu — ithuthuke kakhuluUkulawulwa kwe-UV spectrum, umoya omncane, isikhathi seseshini, futhiumthethonqubo wokuphepha.
Noma kunjalo, zisakhipha imisebe ye-UV. Umgomo uwukuthiukuphatha ukuchayeka, hhayi ukuyiqeda ngokuphelele.
Indlela Imibhede Yokusula Isikhumba YaseMerican Ethuthukisa Ngayo Ukuphepha Nenduduzo
IMelika itshale imali eningi ku-Ucwaningo lobuchwepheshe be-UV, ubunjiniyela obulungele isikhumba, futhiizinhlelo zokushiswa kwesikhumba ezihlakaniphileyakhelwe ukuthuthukisa imiphumela ngenkathi kunciphisa izingozi ezingadingekile.
Nazi izinto eziningana ezithuthukisiwe ezitholakala emibhedeni yobuchwepheshe yokushiswa kwesikhumba eMerican:
✔ Ibhalansi ye-UV Elungiselelwe
Ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yaseMericaubuchwepheshe obuqondile besilinganiso se-UVA/UVB, kusiza abasebenzisi ukuthi bafinyelele ukubonakala okubonakalayo, ngisho nokumnyama ngezikhathi ezimfushane — kunciphisa isikhathi sokuvezwa okuphelele.
✔ Ukulawulwa Kweseshini Okuhlakaniphile
Ama-timer ahlakaniphile akhelwe ngaphakathi kanye nokukhishwa kwezibani okulawulwa amandla kusiza ukuvimbela ukushiswa ngokweqile kwesikhumba futhi kunciphise amathuba okusha.
✔ Izinhlelo Zokupholisa Nokugeleza Komoya Ezithuthukisiwe
Ukupholisa kahle kugcina isikhumba sikhululekile futhi kusiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala ngesikhathi sokushiswa kwesikhumba.
✔ Izibani Ezinomfutho Ophakeme Zokukhanya Okujulile Nokushesha
Lezi zibani zivumela ukusebenza kwe-melanin ejulile ngezikhathi ezimbalwa, okusiza ekuphathweni okuphephile kokuvezwa kwe-UV.
✔ Ukuhlanganiswa Kokukhanya Okubomvu Okuzikhethela
Imibhede eminingi yokushiswa kwesikhumba eMelika ifaka phakathiukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvuamamojula, angasiza:
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Thuthukisa ukuqina kwesikhumba
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Nciphisa ukuvuvukala
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Sekela ukutakula
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Thuthukisa isimo sesikhumba sonke
Le nhlanganisela yobuchwepheshe be-UV + red light imelela isizukulwane esisha sezixazululo zokushiswa kwesikhumba ezigxile ebuhleni nasekuphileni kahle ndawonye.
Indlela Yokunciphisa Ukulimala Kwesikhumba Okubangelwa Yimibhede Yokuthamba
Ngisho noma kunemishini ethuthukisiwe, imikhuba yomuntu siqu idlala indima enkulu ekuphepheni.
1. Landela Izikhathi Zeseshini Ezinconyiwe
Okuningi akungcono. Namathela esimisweni esinconywe yi-tanning salon yakho noma iziqondiso zedivayisi.
2. Gwema Izikhathi Ezivamile
Nciphisa ukushiswa kwesikhumba kubeIzikhathi ezi-2–3 ngesontookungenani ukuvumela isikhumba silulame.
3. Sebenzisa ama-lotion okuthambisa isikhumba endlini
Lokhu kusiza ukuthambisa nokuvikela isikhumba ngenkathi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokushiswa kwesikhumba.
4. Gqoka Isivikelo Samehlo
Imisebe ye-UV ingalimaza i-cornea kanye ne-retina — izibuko zelanga azinakuzikhethela.
5. Hlala Umanzi
Isikhumba esinempilo sishintsha umbala ube nsundu kangcono futhi silulama ngokushesha.
Ubani Okufanele Agweme Ukushiswa Kwesikhumba?
Amaqembu athile kufanele aqaphele kakhulu noma agweme ukushiswa kwesikhumba ngokuphelele:
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Abantu abanesikhumba esimhlophe kakhulu (uFitzpatrick Uhlobo I–II)
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Abantu abanomlando womdlavuza wesikhumba
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Abantu abanezimo zokuzwela ukukhanya
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Labo abasebenzisa imithi ethinta ukukhanya
Uma ungabaza, thintana nodokotela wesikhumba.
Isiphetho
Ingabe imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba iyalimaza isikhumba?Yebo, bangakwazi— ikakhulukazi uma isetshenziswa ngokweqile noma ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okufanele. Kodwa-ke, ubuchwepheshe besimanje bokushiswa kwesikhumba, imikhuba ethembekile, kanye nezici ezithuthukisiwe zitholakale ku-Imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba yaseMelikakungasiza kakhulu ekunciphiseni izingozi futhi kuthuthukise induduzo.
Uma umgomo wakho uwukuthola umbala ogqamile, ofana nowesikhumba ngokuphepha nangokuphumelelayo, ukhethaimishini ethembekile, okulandelayoimikhuba yokushisa i-dark ehlakaniphilenokuqondaimikhawulo yesikhumba sakhokubalulekile.