Ukwelashwa ngokukhanya okubomvu kuye kwathola ukunakwa ngenxa yezinzuzo zako ezingaba khona empilweni yesikhumba, ukululama kwemisipha, kanye nokusebenza kwamaseli. Muva nje, intshisekelo iye yanda empilweni yamehlo, kanti izimangalo ziphakamisa ukuthiukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu kungathuthukisa umbono.
Kodwa zinembile kangakanani lezi zinsolo? Ake sihlole lokho isayensi yamanje ekusekelayo ngempela.
Indlela Ukubona Okuncipha Ngayo Ngokukhula
Ukulahlekelwa umbono, ikakhulukazi ukwehla okuhlobene nokuguga, kuvame ukuhlotshaniswaumsebenzi we-mitochondrial oncishisiwekumaseli e-retinal. I-retina ingenye yezicubu ezidinga amandla kakhulu emzimbeni, futhi lapho umsebenzi we-mitochondrial wehla, ukuzwela kokubona kanye nokuqonda umehluko kungase kwehle.
Izici ezivame ukuba nomthelela zihlanganisa:
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Ukuguga
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Ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative
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Amandla eselula ancishisiwe (i-ATP)
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Ukukhathala kwe-retina okubangelwa ukukhanya
Indlela Ukwelashwa Kokukhanya Okubomvu Okusebenza Ngayo
Ukusetshenziswa kokwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvuamaza athile okukhanya okubomvu noma okucishe kube yi-infrared, ngokuvamile nxazonke630–660 nmfuthieduze kuka-670 nm, ukukhuthaza umsebenzi we-mitochondrial.
Ezingeni leselula, ukukhanya okubomvu kungase:
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Thuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-mitochondrial
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Khulisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-ATP
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Yehlisa ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative
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Sekela izindlela zokulungisa amaseli
Le miphumela yisona sizathu sokuthi ukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu kuhlolwe ocwaningweni lwezinzwa nolwezibukwayo.
Lokho Ucwaningo Olukushoyo Ngokwelashwa Nokubona Okubomvu
Izifundo eziningana zesigaba sokuqala zihlole imiphumela yeukukhanya okubomvu okujulile (cishe ama-670 nm)kumaseli e-retinal, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala.
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukuchayeka okulawulwayo kungasiza:
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Thuthukisa ukuzwela kokungafani
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Sekela imetabolism yamandla eseli le-retinal
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Thuthukisa okwesikhashana ukusebenza kokubona emehlweni asebekhulile
Okubalulekile, lezi zifundo zigxile kuukuvezwa okuphansi, okunesikhathi esinqunyiwe ngokucophelela, hhayi amadivayisi okwelapha ngokukhanya okubomvu asetshenziswa kabanzi.
Ingabe Ukwelashwa Kokukhanya Okubomvu Kungayithuthukisa Imbono?
Ukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu kungasekela izici ezithile zomsebenzi wokubona, ikakhulukazi okuhlobene nokwehla okuhlobene nobudala, kodwa kuyakwenzaakuziqedi izinkinga zokubonanjenge:
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I-Myopia noma i-hyperopia
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I-Astigmatism
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Ama-cataract
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I-Glaucoma
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Ukuwohloka kwe-macular
Noma yikuphi ukuthuthuka okubonwayo kuvame ukubaokuthobekile futhi okwesikhashana, futhi akufanele kuthathe indawo yokunakekelwa kwamehlo kochwepheshe.
Izinto Okufanele Uzicabangele Ngokuphepha
Impilo yamehlo idinga ukuqaphela okwengeziwe. Ukukhanya okungalungile noma okweqile kungaba yingozi.
Amaphuzu abalulekile okuphepha:
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Ungalokothi ubheke ngqo imithombo yokukhanya enamandla amakhulu
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Izinqubo eziqondene namehlo ziyahluka ekwelashweni kwesikhumba noma kwemisipha
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Amadivayisi okukhanya okubomvu abathengiakuklanyelwe ukwelashwa kwamehlo
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Njalo thintana nochwepheshe wokunakekelwa kwamehlo ngaphambi kokuzama ukwelashwa kwamehlo okusekelwe ekukhanyeni
Ukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu kufanele kucatshangelwe kuphelangaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo.
Indima Engaba Khona Yokusekela (Akuyona Ukwelashwa Kwezokwelapha)
Uma kuxoxwa ngokuzibophezela, ukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu kungabhekwa njengeindlela yokusekela impilo enhleukuthi:
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Kusiza ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative
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Isekela amandla eseli ezicutshini ezigugayo
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Ihambisana namasu okuphila kwamehlo jikelele
Kumelehhayikungathengiswa noma kusetshenziswe njengesixazululo sezokwelapha sokulungisa umbono.
Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele
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Ukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu kungase kusekele ukusebenza kwamandla eseli le-retinal
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Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuthuthuka kwesikhashana ekuzweleni okuphambene
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Ayilungisi amaphutha okusabela kokukhanya noma izifo zamehlo
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Ukuphepha kwamehlo kanye nesiqondiso sobungcweti kubalulekile
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Ingabe ukwelashwa ngokukhanya okubomvu kungathatha indawo yezibuko noma izinto ezithintana nazo?
Cha. Ukwelashwa ngokukhanya okubomvu akulungisi izinkinga zokubona okubonakalayo.
Ingabe ukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu kuphephile emehlweni ekhaya?
Amadivayisi okukhanya okubomvu awenzelwe ukubonwa ngqo emehlweni futhi kufanele asetshenziswe ngokuqapha.
Obani abangazuza kakhulu ocwaningweni lokukhanya okubomvu oluhlobene nombono?
Abantu abadala asebekhulile ababhekene nokwehla kokuzwela kokungafani okuhlobene nobudala bangase babone izinzuzo ezilinganiselwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo.