Izinkinga ze-thyroid zisakazeke kakhulu emphakathini wanamuhla, zithinta bonke ubulili kanye neminyaka kuya emazingeni ahlukene. Ukuxilongwa mhlawumbe kuphuthelwa kaningi kunanoma yisiphi esinye isimo futhi ukwelashwa/imiyalelo ejwayelekile yezinkinga ze-thyroid sekudlule amashumi eminyaka ukuqonda kwesayensi ngalesi simo.
Umbuzo esizowuphendula kulesi sihloko uthi – Ingabe ukwelashwa okulula kungadlala indima ekuvimbeleni nasekwelapheni izinkinga ze-thyroid/ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-metabolism?
Uma sibheka izincwadi zesayensi siyabona ukuthiukwelashwa okululaUmphumela we-'s ekusebenzeni kwe-thyroid ufundwe izikhathi eziningi, kubantu (isib. Höfling DB et al., 2013), amagundane (isib. Azevedo LH et al., 2005), onogwaja (isib. Weber JB et al., 2014), phakathi kwabanye. Ukuqonda ukuthi kunganiukwelashwa okululakungenzeka, noma cha, kube nesithakazelo kulaba bacwaningi, okokuqala sidinga ukuqonda izisekelo.
Isingeniso
I-Hypothyroidism (i-thyroid ephansi, i-thyroid engasebenzi kahle) kufanele ibhekwe njengento ehluke kakhulu kuwo wonke umuntu, kunokuba kube yisimo esimnyama noma esimhlophe esihlushwa ngabantu asebekhulile kuphela. Cishe noma ubani emphakathini wanamuhla unamazinga afanele kakhulu e-hormone ye-thyroid (Klaus Kapelari et al., 2007. Hershman JM et al., 1993. JM Corcoran et al., 1977.). Okwenezela ekudidekeni, kunezimbangela nezimpawu ezihambisanayo nezinye izinkinga eziningana ze-metabolic ezifana nesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, i-IBS, i-cholesterol ephezulu, ukucindezeleka ngisho nokulahlekelwa izinwele (Betsy, 2013. Kim EY, 2015. Islam S, 2008, Dorchy H, 1985.).
Ukuba 'ne-metabolism ehamba kancane' empeleni kuyinto efanayo ne-hypothyroidism, yingakho kuhambisana nezinye izinkinga emzimbeni. Kutholakala kuphela njenge-hypothyroidism yezokwelapha uma isifinyelele eqophelweni eliphansi.
Kafushane nje, i-hypothyroidism yisimo sokukhiqizwa kwamandla aphansi emzimbeni wonke ngenxa yomsebenzi ophansi wama-hormone e-thyroid. Izimbangela ezivamile ziyinkimbinkimbi, kufaka phakathi izici zokudla ezahlukahlukene kanye nendlela yokuphila ezifana nokucindezeleka, ufuzo, ukuguga, amafutha amaningi angagcwali, ukudla ama-carbohydrate aphansi, ukudla ama-calorie aphansi, ukungalali kahle, ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile, ngisho nokuzivocavoca ngokweqile. Ezinye izinto ezifana nokuhlinzwa kokususwa kwe-thyroid, ukudla i-fluoride, izindlela zokwelapha ezahlukahlukene, njalo njalo zibangela i-hypothyroidism.
Ukwelashwa okulula kungaba usizo kubantu abane-thyroid ephansi?
Ukukhanya okubomvu nokwe-infrared (600-1000nm)kungase kube usizo ekusetshenzisweni kwe-metabolism emzimbeni emazingeni ahlukahlukene.
1. Ezinye izifundo ziphetha ngokuthi ukusebenzisa ukukhanya okubomvu ngendlela efanele kungathuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone. (Höfling et al., 2010,2012,2013. Azevedo LH et al., 2005. Вера Александровна, 2010. Gopkalova, I. 2010.) Njenganoma yisiphi izicubu emzimbeni, i-thyroid gland idinga amandla ukuze yenze yonke imisebenzi yayo. Njengoba i-thyroid hormone iyisici esibalulekile ekuvuseleleni ukukhiqizwa kwamandla, ungabona ukuthi ukuntuleka kwayo emaseli e-thyroid kunciphisa kanjani ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone e-thyroid - umjikelezo ovamile ononya. I-thyroid ephansi -> amandla aphansi -> i-thyroid ephansi -> njll.
2. Ukwelashwa okululaUma isetshenziswa ngendlela efanele entanyeni ingase iphule lo mjikelezo omubi, ngokombono ngokuthuthukisa ukutholakala kwamandla endawo, ngaleyo ndlela kwandiswe ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni e-thyroid emvelo yi-gland futhi. Uma i-thyroid gland enempilo isibuyiselwe, kuvela imiphumela eminingi emihle, njengoba umzimba wonke ekugcineni uthola amandla owadingayo (Mendis-Handagama SM, 2005. Rajender S, 2011). Ukwakheka kwamahomoni e-steroid (testosterone, progesterone, njll.) kuyaqala futhi - isimo sengqondo, isifiso sobulili kanye namandla omzimba kuyathuthuka, izinga lokushisa lomzimba liyakhuphuka futhi ngokuyisisekelo zonke izimpawu ze-metabolism ephansi ziyaguqulwa (Amy Warner et al., 2013) - ngisho nokubukeka ngokomzimba kanye nokukhanga ngokocansi kuyakhula.
3. Kanye nezinzuzo ezingaba khona zesistimu yokuvezwa yi-thyroid, ukusebenzisa ukukhanya noma kuphi emzimbeni kunganikeza nemiphumela yesistimu yohlelo, ngegazi (Ihsan FR, 2005. Rodrigo SM et al., 2009. Leal Junior EC et al., 2010). Nakuba amangqamuzana abomvu egazi engenawo ama-mitochondria; ama-platelet egazi, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi kanye nezinye izinhlobo zamangqamuzana akhona egazini aqukethe i-mitochondria. Lokhu kukodwa kuyafundwa ukuze kubonwe ukuthi kungani futhi kungani kunganciphisa ukuvuvukala kanye namazinga e-cortisol - i-hormone yokucindezeleka evimbela ukusebenza kwe-T4 -> T3 (Albertini et al., 2007).
4. Uma umuntu ebengafaka ukukhanya okubomvu ezindaweni ezithile zomzimba (njengobuchopho, isikhumba, amasende, amanxeba, njll.), abanye abacwaningi bacabanga ukuthi mhlawumbe kunganikeza amandla aqinile endawo. Lokhu kuboniswa kangcono yizifundo zokwelapha ukukhanya ezifweni zesikhumba, amanxeba kanye nezifo, lapho ezifundweni ezahlukahlukene isikhathi sokuphulukiswa singancishiswa khonaukukhanya okubomvu noma kwe-infrared(J. Ty Hopkins et al., 2004. Avci et al., 2013, Mao HS, 2012. Percival SL, 2015. da Silva JP, 2010. Gupta A, 2014. Güngörmüş M, 2009). Umphumela wendawo wokukhanya ungabonakala uhlukile kodwa uhambisana nomsebenzi wemvelo we-hormone ye-thyroid.
Umbono ojwayelekile nowamukelwa kabanzi womthelela oqondile wokwelashwa kokukhanya uhilela ukukhiqizwa kwamandla eseli. Imiphumela kuthiwa ibangelwa kakhulu yi-photodissociating nitric oxide (NO) evela kuma-enzyme e-mitochondrial (i-cytochrome c oxidase, njll.). Ungacabanga nge-NO njengomncintisani oyingozi nomoya-mpilo, njengoba kunjalo nge-carbon monoxide. I-NO ivimba ukukhiqizwa kwamandla emaseli, yakha indawo echitha amandla kakhulu, ephakamisa i-cortisol/ukucindezeleka.Ukukhanya okubomvukucatshangwa ukuthi kuvimbela lobu buthi be-nitric oxide, kanye nokucindezeleka okubangelwa yibo, ngokukususa ku-mitochondria. Ngale ndlela ukukhanya okubomvu kungacatshangwa 'njengokuphika ukucindezeleka okuvikelayo', kunokuba kwandise ngokushesha ukukhiqizwa kwamandla. Kumane kuvumela i-mitochondria yamaseli akho ukuthi isebenze kahle ngokunciphisa imiphumela yokunciphisa ukucindezeleka, ngendlela i-hormone ye-thyroid eyedwa engenzi ngayo ngempela.
Ngakho-ke yize i-hormone ye-thyroid ithuthukisa inani nokusebenza kahle kwe-mitochondria, umbono ophathelene nokwelashwa kokukhanya ukuthi kungathuthukisa futhi kuqinisekise imiphumela ye-thyroid ngokuvimbela ama-molecule ahlobene nokucindezeleka. Kungase kube nezinye izindlela eziningana ezingaqondile lapho kokubili i-thyroid kanye nokukhanya okubomvu kunciphisa khona ukucindezeleka, kodwa ngeke singene kuzo lapha.
Izimpawu zesilinganiso esiphansi se-metabolic/hypothyroidism
Isilinganiso senhliziyo esiphansi (ngaphansi kuka-75 bpm)
Izinga lokushisa lomzimba eliphansi, ngaphansi kuka-98°F/36.7°C
Njalo zizwa ubanda (ikakhulukazi izandla nezinyawo)
Isikhumba esomile noma kuphi emzimbeni
Imicabango ethukuthele/ethukuthele
Ukuzizwa ucindezelekile/ukukhathazeka
Inkungu yobuchopho, ikhanda elibuhlungu
Izinwele/izinzipho ezikhula kancane
Izinkinga zamathumbu (ukuqunjelwa, i-IBS, i-SIBO, ukuqunjelwa, isilungulela, njll.)
Ukuchama njalo
Ukungathandi ucansi okuphansi/okungenakho (kanye/noma ukuminyana okubuthakathaka / ukugcotshwa okungafanele kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane)
Ukuzwela kwemvubelo/i-candida
Umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini ongaguquki, onzima, obuhlungu
Ukungazali
Izinwele ezinciphayo/ezinciphayo ngokushesha. Amashiya anciphayo
Ukulala kabi
Isistimu ye-thyroid isebenza kanjani?
I-hormone ye-thyroid ikhiqizwa okokuqala endlaleni ye-thyroid (etholakala entanyeni) njenge-T4, bese ihamba ngegazi iye esibindini nakwezinye izicubu, lapho iguqulwa ibe uhlobo olusebenzayo kakhulu - i-T3. Lolu hlobo lwe-hormone ye-thyroid olusebenzayo kakhulu bese luhamba luye kuwo wonke amaseli omzimba, lusebenza ngaphakathi kwamaseli ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla eseli. Ngakho-ke i-thyroid gland -> isibindi -> wonke amaseli.
Yini evame ukungahambi kahle kule nqubo yokukhiqiza? Ochungechungeni lomsebenzi wama-hormone e-thyroid, noma yiliphi iphuzu lingadala inkinga:
1. Indlala yegilo ngokwayo ayikwazi ukukhiqiza amahomoni anele. Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-iodine ekudleni, ukuba nama-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) noma ama-goitrogens amaningi ekudleni, ukuhlinzwa kwegilo kwangaphambilini, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi 'isifo sokuzivikela komzimba' sikaHashimoto, njll.
2. Isibindi sasingakwazi 'ukuvuselela' ama-hormone (T4 -> T3), ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-glucose/glycogen, i-cortisol eningi, ukulimala kwesibindi okubangelwa ukukhuluphala, utshwala, izidakamizwa kanye nezifo, i-iron eningi, njll.
3. Amaseli kungenzeka awamunci ama-hormone atholakalayo. Ukumuncwa kwamaseli i-hormone ye-thyroid esebenzayo kuvame ukuba ngenxa yezizathu zokudla. Amafutha e-polyunsaturated avela ekudleni (noma kumafutha agciniwe akhishwa ngesikhathi sokunciphisa isisindo) empeleni avimba i-hormone ye-thyroid ukuthi ingangeni emaseli. I-glucose, noma ushukela ngokujwayelekile (i-fructose, i-sucrose, i-lactose, i-glycogen, njll.), kubalulekile kokubili ekumuncweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwe-hormone ye-thyroid esebenzayo ngamaseli.
I-hormone ye-thyroid esitokisini
Uma sicabanga ukuthi akukho sithiyo esikhona ekukhiqizweni kwama-hormone e-thyroid, futhi angafinyelela amaseli, asebenza ngokuqondile nangokungaqondile enkambisweni yokuphefumula emaseli - okuholela ekuqhekekeni okuphelele kwe-glucose (kube yi-carbon dioxide). Ngaphandle kwe-hormone ye-thyroid eyanele 'yokuhlukanisa' amaprotheni e-mitochondrial, inqubo yokuphefumula ayikwazi ukuqedela futhi ngokuvamile iholela ku-lactic acid esikhundleni somphumela wokugcina we-carbon dioxide.
I-hormone ye-thyroid isebenza kokubili ku-mitochondria kanye ne-nucleus yamaseli, ibangela imiphumela yesikhathi esifushane neyesikhathi eside ethuthukisa i-oxidative metabolism. Ku-nucleus, i-T3 kucatshangwa ukuthi ithonya ukubonakaliswa kwezakhi zofuzo ezithile, okuholela ku-mitochondriogenesis, okusho ukuthi i-mitochondria eningi/entsha. Ku-mitochondria esevele ikhona, inomphumela wokuthuthukisa amandla ngqo nge-cytochrome oxidase, kanye nokukhulula ukuphefumula okuvela ekukhiqizweni kwe-ATP.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-glucose ingacindezelwa endleleni yokuphefumula ngaphandle kokuthi kudingeke ukuthi ikhiqize i-ATP. Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale kuwukuchitha imali, kwandisa inani le-carbon dioxide ewusizo, futhi kuvimbele ukuqongelelwa kwe-glucose njenge-lactic acid. Lokhu kungabonakala kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, abavame ukuthola amazinga aphezulu e-lactic acid okuholela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-lactic acidosis. Abantu abaningi abane-hypothyroidism baze bakhiqize i-lactic acid ebalulekile lapho bephumule. I-hormone ye-thyroid idlala indima eqondile ekunciphiseni lesi simo esiyingozi.
I-hormone ye-thyroid inomsebenzi ohlukile emzimbeni, ihlangana ne-vitamin A kanye ne-cholesterol ukwakha i-pregnenolone - eyandulela wonke ama-hormone e-steroid. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amazinga aphansi e-thyroid aholela emazingeni aphansi e-progesterone, i-testosterone, njll. Amazinga aphansi e-bile salts nawo azovela, ngaleyo ndlela kuphazamise ukugaya ukudla. I-hormone ye-thyroid mhlawumbe iyi-hormone ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni, okuthiwa ilawula yonke imisebenzi ebalulekile kanye nemizwa yenhlalakahle.
Isifinyezo
I-hormone ye-thyroid ibhekwa ngabanye njenge-'hormone eyinhloko' yomzimba futhi ukukhiqizwa kwayo kuncike kakhulu endlaleni ye-thyroid nesibindi.
I-hormone ye-thyroid esebenzayo ivuselela ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-mitochondrial, ukwakheka kwama-mitochondria engeziwe, kanye nama-steroid hormone.
I-Hypothyroidism isimo samandla aphansi amangqamuzana anezimpawu eziningi.
Izimbangela ze-thyroid ephansi ziyinkimbinkimbi, zihlobene nokudla kanye nendlela yokuphila.
Ukudla okunama-carbohydrate aphansi kanye nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-PUFA ekudleni kuyizinto ezibangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu.
I-thyroidukwelashwa okulula?
Njengoba i-thyroid gland itholakala ngaphansi kwesikhumba namafutha entanyeni, i-infrared eseduze uhlobo lokukhanya olufundwa kakhulu lokwelashwa kwe-thyroid. Lokhu kunengqondo njengoba lungena kakhulu kunobomvu obubonakalayo (Kolari, 1985; Kolarova et al., 1999; Enwemeka, 2003, Bjordal JM et al., 2003). Kodwa-ke, obomvu obuphansi ngobude be-wavelength njengo-630nm bufundwe nge-thyroid (Morcos N et al., 2015), njengoba buyi-gland engaphezulu kakhulu.
Iziqondiso ezilandelayo zivame ukulandelwa ezifundweni:
Ama-LED/ama-laser ane-infraredebangeni lika-700-910nm.
100mW/cm² noma ukuminyana kwamandla okungcono
Lezi ziqondiso zisekelwe kuma-wavelength asebenzayo ezifundweni okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla, kanye nezifundo zokungena kwezicubu ezishiwo ngenhla. Ezinye zezici ezithinta ukungena zifaka phakathi; ukushaya, amandla, ukuqina, ukuthintana kwezicubu, ukwahlukana kanye nokubumbana. Isikhathi sokufaka singancishiswa uma ezinye izici zithuthukiswa.
Uma amandla afanele, izibani ze-infrared LED zingathinta yonke indlala yegilo, kusukela phambili kuya emuva. Amaza okukhanya abomvu abonakalayo entanyeni nawo azonikeza izinzuzo, yize kuzodingeka idivayisi enamandla. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ubomvu obubonakalayo abungeni kangako njengoba kushiwo kakade. Njengokulinganisela okulinganiselwe, ama-LED abomvu angu-90w+ (620-700nm) kufanele anikeze izinzuzo ezinhle.
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-ubuchwepheshe bokwelapha ngokukhanyanjengoba ama-laser asezingeni eliphansi elungile, uma ungakwazi ukuwakhokhela. Ama-laser afundwa kaningi ezincwadini kunama-LED, noma kunjalo ukukhanya kwe-LED ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengokulingana ngokusebenza (Chaves ME et al., 2014. Kim WS, 2011. Min PK, 2013).
Izibani zokushisa, ama-incandescent kanye nama-sauna e-infrared azisebenzi kangako ekuthuthukiseni izinga lokugaya ukudla / i-hypothyroidism. Lokhu kungenxa ye-wide beam angle, ukushisa/ukungasebenzi kahle ngokweqile kanye ne-spectrum echithayo.
Umugqa Ophansi
Ukukhanya okubomvu noma kwe-infraredKufundwa umthombo we-LED (600-950nm) we-thyroid.
Amazinga e-hormone ye-thyroid ayabhekwa futhi alinganiswe kuzo zonke izifundo.
Uhlelo lwe-thyroid luyinkimbinkimbi. Ukudla kanye nendlela yokuphila kufanele kubhekwe nakho.
Ukwelashwa kokukhanya kwe-LED noma i-LLLT kufundwe kahle futhi kuqinisekisa ukuphepha okuphezulu. Ama-LED e-infrared (700-950nm) ayathandwa kule nsimu, obomvu obonakalayo nawo ulungile.