Esinye sezitho ezingaziwa kakhulu zomzimba ukuthiukwelapha ukukhanyaizifundo ziye zahlola iyona imisipha.Izicubu zemisipha yomuntu zinezinhlelo ezikhethekile kakhulu zokukhiqiza amandla, ezidinga ukukwazi ukunikeza amandla kuzo zombili izikhathi ezinde zokusetshenziswa okuphansi kanye nezikhathi ezimfushane zokusetshenziswa kakhulu.Ucwaningo kule ndawo luye lwashesha kakhulu eminyakeni embalwa edlule, ngezifundo eziningi ezintsha zekhwalithi ephezulu njalo ngenyanga.Ukukhanya okubomvu kanye ne-infrared kuye kwafundwa ngokujulile ngezifo nezimo ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ebuhlungu obuhlangene kuya ekuphulukisweni kwesilonda, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi imiphumela yeselula kuthiwa isebenze ezingeni eliyisisekelo lamandla.Ngakho-ke uma ukukhanya kungena phansi kusicubu semisipha, kungaba nemiphumela enenzuzo lapho?Kulesi sihloko sizohlola ukuthi ukukhanya kusebenzisana kanjani nalezi zinhlelo nokuthi yiziphi izinzuzo ezingase zilethe, uma zikhona.
Ukukhanya kungase kuhlanganyele nokusebenza kwemisipha, kodwa kanjani?
Ukuze siqonde ukuthi ukukhanya kungase kuthinte kanjani izicubu zemisipha, kudingeka siqale siqonde ukuthi izicubu zemisipha zisebenza kanjani ngempela.Amandla ayadingeka ekuphileni kuwo wonke amangqamuzana azo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane esizaziyo njengamanje.Leli qiniso lokuphila libonakala ngokusobala kakhulu ezicutshini zemisipha, ngokombono wemishini, kunanoma yiluphi olunye uhlobo lwezicubu.Njengoba imisipha ihilelekile ekunyakazeni, kufanele ibe ikhiqiza futhi isebenzisa amandla, noma ibingeke inyakaze.Noma yini esiza ngalokhu kukhiqizwa kwamandla ayisisekelo izoba yigugu.
Indlela yokwelapha ukukhanya
Ukwelashwa ngokukhanya kunendlela eyaziwayo kunoma iyiphi ingqamuzana yomzimba ene-mitochondrion (i-mitochondria okuyi-organelles ebhekele ukukhiqizwa kwamandla).Ungabheka ku-Cytochrome C Oxidase kanye ne-Nitric Oxide ukuze ufunde okwengeziwe ngezicaciso lapha, kodwa ngokuyisisekelo inkolelo-mbono iwukuthi kokubili ukukhanya okubomvu nokuseduze kwe-infrared kusiza i-mitochondria yethu ukuqedela inqubo yokuphefumula, inikeze i-CO2 ne-ATP (amandla).Lokhu ngombono kungasebenza kunoma yiliphi iseli lomzimba, ngaphandle kwalawo angenayo i-mitochondria njengamaseli abomvu egazi.
Ukuxhumana kwemisipha-amandla
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile zamangqamuzana emisipha ukuthi maningi kakhulu emitochondria, awadingayo ukuze afeze izidingo zamandla aphezulu.Lokhu kuthinta izicubu zamathambo, izicubu zenhliziyo, kanye nezicubu zezicubu ezibushelelezi njengoba ubungathola ezithweni zangaphakathi.Ukuminyana kwe-mitochondria ezicutshini zemisipha kuyahlukahluka phakathi kwezinhlobo nezingxenye zomzimba, kodwa zonke zidinga izinga eliphezulu lamandla ukuze zisebenze.Ubukhona obucebile bubonke buphakamisa ukuthi kungani abacwaningi bezokwelapha ukukhanya benesithakazelo ekusetshenzisweni kwemisipha eqondiwe, ngisho nangaphezulu kunezinye izicubu.
Amaseli e-Muscle stem - ukukhula nokulungiswa kuthuthukiswa ukukhanya?
Amaseli e-Myosatellite, uhlobo lwe-muscle stem cell oluhilelekile ekukhuleni nasekulungiseni, nawo ayisihluthulelo esiyinhloko esingase sibe khona sokwelapha ukukhanya1,5, mhlawumbe ngisho nokuhlosiwe okuyinhloko okunikeza imiphumela yesikhathi eside.Lawa maseli esathelayithi aqala ukusebenza ngokuphendula ubunzima (njengokusuka komshini njengokujima noma ekulimaleni) – inqubo engathuthukiswa ngokwelashwa okukhanyayo9.Njengama-stem cells kunoma iyiphi indawo yomzimba, lawa maseli esathelayithi ayisandulela samaseli emisipha avamile.Zivame ukuba khona esimweni esikhululekile, esingasebenzi, kodwa zizophenduka zibe amanye ama-stem cells noma zibe amangqamuzana emisipha asebenza ngokugcwele njengengxenye yenqubo yokuphulukisa, ekuphenduleni ukulimala noma ukuzivocavoca umzimba.Ucwaningo lwakamuva lukhomba ekukhiqizweni kwamandla e-mitochondrial ngaphakathi kwama-stem cells njengomlawuli oyinhloko we-fate6 yawo, okukhomba 'uhlelo' lwawo kanye nesivinini nokusebenza kahle kwawo.Njengoba i-hypothesis ngemuva kokwelashwa okukhanyayo iwukuthi kungase kube umgqugquzeli onamandla wokusebenza kwe-mitochondrial, kukhona indlela ecacile yokuchaza ukuthi ukukhanya kungase kuthuthukise kanjani ukukhula nokulungisa kwemisipha yethu ngamaseli e-stem.
Ukuvuvukala
Ukuvuvukala kuyisici esijwayelekile esihlotshaniswa nokulimala kwemisipha noma ukucindezeleka.Abanye abacwaningi bacabanga ukuthi ukukhanya kungasiza (uma kusetshenziswe ngendlela efanele) ukunciphisa ubulukhuni bokuvuvukala3 (ngokwandisa amazinga e-CO2 - okuqhubeka nokuvimbela ama-cytokines/prostaglandin okuvuvukala), ngaleyo ndlela kuvumele ukulungiswa okuphumelelayo ngaphandle kwesibazi/fibrosis.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-21-2022