Ukwelashwa ngokukhanya komlomo, ngendlela yama-laser aphansi nama-LED, kuye kwasetshenziswa ekwelashweni kwamazinyo amashumi eminyaka manje. Njengenye yamagatsha afundwe kahle kakhulu ezempilo yomlomo, ukusesha okusheshayo ku-inthanethi (ngo-2016) kuthola izinkulungwane zezifundo ezivela emazweni emhlabeni wonke kanye nezinye ezingamakhulu minyaka yonke.
Ikhwalithi yezifundo kulo mkhakha iyahlukahluka, kusukela ekuhlolweni kokuqala kuya ezifundweni ezilawulwa yi-placebo ezingaboni kabili. Naphezu kwalolu cwaningo lwesayensi olubanzi kanye nokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwezokwelapha, ukwelashwa kokukhanya ekhaya kwezinkinga zomlomo akukakasabalali, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Ingabe abantu kufanele baqale ukwenza ukwelashwa kokukhanya komlomo ekhaya?
Ukuhlanzeka komlomo: ingabe ukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu kuyafana nokuhlanza amazinyo?
Enye yezinto ezimangazayo kakhulu ezitholwe ekuhloleni izincwadi ukuthi ukwelashwa kokukhanya kuma-wavelength athile kunciphisa inani lamagciwane omlomo kanye nama-biofilms. Kwezinye izimo, kodwa hhayi zonke, ngezinga elikhulu kunokuhlanza amazinyo/ukugeza umlomo njalo.
Izifundo ezenziwe kule ndawo ngokuvamile zigxile kumabhaktheriya avame ukuhlotshaniswa nokubola kwamazinyo/izimbobo (iStreptococci, iLactobacilli) kanye nokutheleleka kwamazinyo (i-enterococci – uhlobo lwamabhaktheriya ahlotshaniswa namathumba, ukutheleleka kwemisele yezimpande nokunye). Ukukhanya okubomvu (noma i-infrared, ububanzi obungu-600-1000nm) kubonakala kusiza ngisho nasezinkingeni zolimi olumhlophe noma olumboziwe, okungabangelwa izinto eziningana okuhlanganisa nemvubelo namabhaktheriya.
Nakuba izifundo zamagciwane kule ndawo zisesengaphambili, ubufakazi buyathakazelisa. Izifundo kwezinye izindawo zomzimba nazo zikhomba kulo msebenzi wokukhanya okubomvu ekuvimbeleni ukutheleleka. Ingabe sekuyisikhathi sokwengeza ukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu enkambisweni yakho yokuhlanzeka komlomo?
Ukuzwela kwamazinyo: ingabe ukukhanya okubomvu kungasiza?
Ukuba nezinyo elibucayi kuyacindezela futhi kunciphisa ngqo ikhwalithi yempilo - umuntu ohluphekile akasakwazi ukujabulela izinto ezifana ne-ayisikhilimu nekhofi. Ngisho nokuphefumula nje ngomlomo kungabangela ubuhlungu. Iningi labantu abahluphekile linokuzwela komkhuhlane, kodwa abambalwa banokuzwela kokushisa okuvame ukuba kubi kakhulu.
Kunezifundo eziningi zokwelapha amazinyo azwelayo (okwaziwa nangokuthi i-dentin hypersensitivity) ngokukhanya okubomvu nokwe-infrared, okunemiphumela ethokozisayo. Isizathu sokuthi abacwaningi babenesithakazelo kulokhu ekuqaleni ukuthi ngokungafani nongqimba lwamazinyo lwe-enamel, ungqimba lwe-dentin empeleni luyavuseleleka kukho konke ukuphila ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-dentinogenesis. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi ukukhanya okubomvu kunamandla okuthuthukisa isivinini kanye nokusebenza kahle kwale nqubo, kusebenza ukuthuthukisa i-metabolism kuma-odontoblasts - amaseli amazinyo abhekene ne-dentinogenesis.
Uma sithi akukho ukugcwalisa noma into yangaphandle engavimba noma iphazamise ukukhiqizwa kwe-dentin, ukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu kuyinto ethokozisayo okufanele uyihlole empini yakho namazinyo azwelayo.
Ubuhlungu bamazinyo: ukukhanya okubomvu okufana nokwelapha izinhlungu ezivamile?
Ukwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu kufundwe kahle ngezinkinga zobuhlungu. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ngamazinyo, njenganoma yikuphi okunye emzimbeni. Eqinisweni, odokotela bamazinyo basebenzisa ama-laser asezingeni eliphansi emitholampilo ngale njongo.
Abasekeli bathi ukukhanya akusizi nje kuphela ngezimpawu zobuhlungu, bathi empeleni kusiza emazingeni ahlukahlukene ukwelapha imbangela (njengoba sekushiwo kakade - okungenzeka kubulale amagciwane kanye nokuvuselela amazinyo, njll.).
Ama-Braces Amazinyo: ukwelashwa kokukhanya komlomo kuyasiza?
Iningi lezifundo eziphelele emkhakheni wezokwelapha ngokukhanya komlomo zigxile ku-orthodontics. Akumangazi ukuthi abacwaningi banesithakazelo kulokhu, ngoba kunobufakazi bokuthi isivinini sokunyakaza kwamazinyo kubantu abane-braces singakhula uma kufakwa ukukhanya okubomvu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngokusebenzisa idivayisi efanele yokwelapha ngokukhanya, ungase ukwazi ukulahla i-braces yakho ngokushesha futhi ubuyele ekujabuleleni ukudla nokuphila.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukukhanya okubomvu okuvela kudivayisi efanele kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu, okuwumphumela obaluleke kakhulu novamile wokwelashwa ngamazinyo. Cishe wonke umuntu ogqoka ama-braces uba nobuhlungu obuphakathi kuya kobukhulu emlonyeni wakhe, cishe nsuku zonke. Lokhu kungathinta kabi ukuthi yikuphi ukudla abakulungele ukukudla futhi kungabangela ukuthembela emithini yokwelapha ubuhlungu yendabuko efana ne-ibuprofen ne-paracetamol. Ukwelashwa okulula kuyindlela ethokozisayo futhi engavamile ukucatshangelwa ukusiza ngobuhlungu obuvela kuma-braces.
Ukulimala kwamazinyo, izinsini kanye namathambo: amathuba angcono okuphulukiswa ngokukhanya okubomvu?
Ukulimala kwamazinyo, izinsini, imisipha namathambo asekelayo, kungenzeka ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukubola kwemvelo, ukulimala ngokomzimba, isifo sezinsini kanye nokuhlinzwa kokufakelwa. Sikhulume ngenhla ngokukhanya okubomvu okungenzeka kuphulukise ungqimba lwamazinyo kodwa futhi kubonise ithemba kulezi zindawo zomlomo.
Izifundo eziningana zibheka ukuthi ukukhanya okubomvu kungasheshisa yini ukuphulukiswa kwamanxeba futhi kunciphise ukuvuvukala ezinsinini. Ezinye izifundo zibheka ngisho namathuba okuqinisa amathambo e-periodontal ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuhlinzwa. Eqinisweni, ukukhanya okubomvu kanye nokukhanya kwe-infrared kokubili kufundwe kahle kwenye indawo emzimbeni ngenhloso yokuthuthukisa ubuningi bamathambo (ngokusebenzisana namaseli e-osteoblast - amaseli abhekene nokwakheka kwamathambo).
Umbono ohamba phambili ochaza ukwelashwa kokukhanya uthi ekugcineni kuholela emazingeni aphezulu e-ATP yamaseli, okuvumela ama-osteoblast ukuthi enze imisebenzi yawo ekhethekile eyinhloko (yokwakha i-collagen matrix nokuyigcwalisa ngamaminerali ethambo).
Ukukhanya okubomvu kusebenza kanjani emzimbeni?
Kungase kubonakale kuxakile ukuthi ukwelashwa kokukhanya kuyafundelwa cishe zonke izinkinga zempilo yomlomo, uma ungayazi indlela esebenza ngayo. Ukukhanya okubomvu nokuseduze kwe-infrared kucatshangwa ukuthi kusebenza kakhulu ku-mitochondria yamaseli, okuholela ekukhiqizweni kwamandla amakhulu (i-ATP). Noma yiliphi iseli eline-mitochondria, ngokombono, lizobona izinzuzo ezithile ekwelashweni kokukhanya okufanele.
Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kubalulekile empilweni kanye nasekwakhekeni/emsebenzini wamaseli. Ngokukhethekile, ukukhanya okubomvu kuhlukanisa i-nitric oxide kuma-molecule e-cytochrome c oxidase metabolism ngaphakathi kwe-mitochondria.I-nitric oxide 'iyi-hormone yokucindezeleka' ngoba inciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla - ukukhanya okubomvu kuyawuqeda lo mphumela.
Kunezinye amazinga okucatshangwa ukuthi ukukhanya okubomvu kusebenza kuwo, njengokuthuthukisa ukucindezelwa kobuso be-cytoplasm yeseli, ukukhulula inani elincane lezinhlobo ze-oxygen ezisebenzayo (i-ROS), njll., kodwa eyinhloko ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-ATP ngokuvimbela i-nitric oxide.
Ukukhanya okufanelekile kokwelashwa kokukhanya komlomo?
Kuboniswa ukuthi ubude obuhlukahlukene bamaza busebenza kahle, okuhlanganisa i-630nm, 685nm, 810nm, 830nm, njll. Izifundo eziningana ziqhathanisa ama-laser nama-LED, abonisa imiphumela elinganayo (futhi kwezinye izimo engcono kakhulu) empilweni yomlomo. Ama-LED ashibhile kakhulu, futhi ayathengeka ukusetshenziswa ekhaya.
Isidingo esiyinhloko sokwelashwa ngokukhanya ngomlomo yikhono lokukhanya ukungena ezicutshini zesifuba, bese kungena nasezinsinini, enamel nasemathanjeni. Izicubu zesikhumba kanye ne-surace zivimba u-90-95% wokukhanya okungenayo. Ngakho-ke imithombo yokukhanya enamandla iyadingeka maqondana nama-LED. Amadivayisi okukhanya abuthakathaka angaba nomthelela kuphela ezinkingeni zobuso; awakwazi ukuqeda izifo ezijulile, aphathe izinsini, amathambo futhi kunzima ukufinyelela amazinyo e-molar.
Uma ukukhanya kungangena entendeni yesandla sakho ngezinga elithile, kuzofaneleka ukungena ezihlathini zakho. Ukukhanya kwe-infrared kungena ekujuleni okukhulu kancane kunokukhanya okubomvu, yize amandla okukhanya ehlala eyisici esiyinhloko ekungeneni.
Ngakho-ke kungabonakala kufanelekile ukusebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-LED okubomvu/kwe-infrared okuvela emthonjeni ogxilile (50 - 200mW/cm² noma ngaphezulu kwamandla). Amadivayisi anamandla aphansi angasetshenziswa, kodwa isikhathi sokusebenza esisebenzayo singaba phezulu kakhulu.
Umugqa ongezansi
Ukukhanya okubomvu noma kwe-infraredifundelwa izingxenye ezahlukene zezinyo nezinsini, kanye nenani lamagciwane.
Ama-wavelength afanele angama-600-1000nm.
Ama-LED nama-laser afakazelwe ezifundweni.
Ukwelashwa okulula kufanelekile ukubheka izinto ezifana namazinyo abucayi, ubuhlungu bamazinyo, izifo, ukuhlanzeka komlomo ngokuvamile, ukulimala kwamazinyo/izinsini…
Abantu abanezibambo zokubopha bangaba nesithakazelo ocwaningweni oluthile.
Ama-LED abomvu kanye nama-infrared womabili afundelwa ukwelashwa kokukhanya komlomo. Kudingeka izibani eziqinile ukuze kungene esihlathini/ezinsinini.