Okunye okuvame ukukhathazeka ngokwelashwa kokukhanya okubomvu indawo yamehlo.Abantu bafuna ukusebenzisa izibani ezibomvu esikhumbeni sobuso, kodwa bakhathazekile ngokuthi ukukhanya okubomvu okugqamile okukhombe lapho kungase kungabi khona kahle emehlweni abo.Ingabe kukhona okumelwe sikhathazeke ngakho?Ingabe ukukhanya okubomvu kungalimaza amehlo?noma ingabe empeleni ingaba yinzuzo kakhulu futhi isize ekwelapheni amehlo ethu?
Isingeniso
Amehlo mhlawumbe ayizitho ezisengozini kakhulu futhi eziyigugu zemizimba yethu.Ukubona izinto ezibonakalayo kuyingxenye ebalulekile yolwazi lwethu, futhi into ebaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwethu kwansuku zonke.Amehlo omuntu azwela kakhulu ekukhanyeni, akwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwemibala efinyelela ezigidini eziyi-10.Bangakwazi futhi ukubona ukukhanya phakathi kwamaza wamaza we-400nm no-700nm.
Asinayo i-Hardware yokubona eduze kokukhanya kwe-infrared (njengoba isetshenziswa ekwelapheni ukukhanya kwe-infrared), njengoba nje singakuboni okunye ubude beza beza bemisebe ye-EM njenge-UV, ama-Microwaves, njll. Kusanda kufakazelwa ukuthi iso liyakwazi ukubona ukukhanya i-photon eyodwa.Njengakwezinye izindawo emzimbeni, amehlo akhiwa amangqamuzana, amangqamuzana akhethekile, wonke enza imisebenzi eyingqayizivele.Sinamaseli we-rod ukuze abone ukukhanya kokukhanya, amaseli ekhoni ukuze abone umbala, amaseli e-epithelial ahlukahlukene, amaseli akhiqiza amahlaya, amaseli akhiqiza ama-collagen, njll. Amanye alawa maseli (kanye nezicubu) asengozini yezinhlobo ezithile zokukhanya.Wonke amaseli athola izinzuzo kwezinye izinhlobo zokukhanya.Ucwaningo kule ndawo lukhule kakhulu kule minyaka engu-10 edlule.
Yimuphi Umbala/Ubude be-Wavelength bokukhanya Okuzuzisa amehlo?
Iningi lezifundo ezikhomba emiphumeleni enenzuzo lisebenzisa ama-LED njengomthombo wokukhanya ngobuningi obuzungeze ubude begagasi obungu-670nm (obomvu).Ubude begagasi nohlobo/umthombo wokukhanya akuzona kuphela izinto ezibalulekile, njengoba amandla okukhanya nesikhathi sokuchayeka kuthinta imiphumela.
Ilambu elibomvu liwasiza kanjani amehlo?
Uma kubhekwa ukuthi amehlo ethu ayizicubu ezizwela ukukhanya okuyinhloko emzimbeni wethu, umuntu angase acabange ukuthi ukumuncwa ukukhanya okubomvu ngamacones ethu abomvu kuhlobene nemiphumela ebonwe ocwaningweni.Lokhu akunjalo ngokuphelele.
Ithiyori eyinhloko echaza imiphumela yokwelapha ukukhanya okubomvu nokuseduze kwe-infrared, noma kuphi emzimbeni, ihilela ukusebenzisana phakathi kokukhanya ne-mitochondria.Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-mitochondria ukukhiqiza amandla engqamuzana layo -Ukwelashwa okukhanyayo kuthuthukisa amandla ayo okwenza amandla.
Amehlo abantu, ikakhulukazi amangqamuzana e-retina, anezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu ze-metabolic kunoma iyiphi izicubu emzimbeni wonke - adinga amandla amaningi.Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuhlangabezana nalesi sidingo esikhulu ukuthi amaseli agcine ama-mitochondria amaningi - ngakho-ke akumangazi ukuthi amangqamuzana asemehlweni anenani eliphakeme kakhulu le-mitochondria noma kuphi emzimbeni.
Ukubona njengoba ukwelapha okukhanyayo kusebenza ngokusebenzisana ne-mitochondria, futhi amehlo anomthombo ocebe kakhulu we-mitochondria emzimbeni, kuwukucabangela okunengqondo ukuqagela ukuthi ukukhanya kuzoba nemiphumela ejule kakhulu emehlweni uma kuqhathaniswa nawo wonke amanye ama-mitochondria. umzimba.Phezu kwalokho, ucwaningo lwakamuva lubonise ukuthi ukonakala kweso ne-retina kuxhumene ngqo nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-mitochondrial.Ngakho-ke ukwelashwa okungase kube namandla okubuyisela i-mitochondria, eningi yayo, emehlweni kuyindlela ephelele.
Ubude beza obungcono kakhulu bokukhanya
Ukukhanya okungu-670nm, uhlobo lokukhanya olubomvu olujulile, yilo olufundwa kakhulu kuzo zonke izimo zamehlo.Amanye amaza amaza anemiphumela emihle ahlanganisa i-630nm, 780nm, 810nm & 830nm. I-Laser vs. LEDs – inothi Isibani esibomvu esivela kuma-laser noma ama-LED singasetshenziswa noma yikuphi emzimbeni, nakuba kukhona okuhlukile kumalaser ngokukhethekile - amehlo.Ama-Laser awakufanele ukwelapha amehlo.
Lokhu kungenxa yempahla ye-laser ehambisanayo/ehambisanayo yokukhanya kwe-laser, engagxilwa ilensi yeso iye endaweni encane.Wonke umsebe wokukhanya kwe-laser ungangena esweni futhi wonke lawo mandla agxiliswe endaweni encane ejulile ku-retina, enikeza ukuminyana kwamandla ngokwedlulele, futhi okungenzeka kushise/kulimaze ngemva kwemizuzwana embalwa.Amaphrojekthi okukhanya kwe-LED aphuma nge-engeli futhi ayinayo le nkinga.
Ukuminyana kwamandla & umthamo
Ukukhanya okubomvu kudlula esweni nokudluliswa okungaphezu kuka-95%.Lokhu kuyiqiniso ekukhanyeni okuseduze kwe-infrared futhi okufanayo nokunye ukukhanya okubonakalayo okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/okuluhlaza/ophuzi.Njengoba kunikezwe lokhu kungena okuphezulu kokukhanya okubomvu, amehlo adinga kuphela indlela yokwelapha efanayo esikhumbeni.Ucwaningo lusebenzisa cishe u-50mW/cm2 ukuminyana kwamandla, ngemithamo ephansi kakhulu engu-10J/cm2 noma ngaphansi.Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nomthamo wokwelapha okhanyayo, bheka lokhu okuthunyelwe.
Ukukhanya okulimazayo kwamehlo
Amaza okukhanya aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aluhlaza kanye ne-UV (200nm-480nm) mabi emehlweni, okuxhunyaniswa nokulimala kwe-retina noma ukulimala ku-cornea, amahlaya, ilensi kanye nenzwa yokubona.Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okuqondile, kodwa nokukhanya okuluhlaza njengengxenye yezibani ezimhlophe njengamalambu e-LED asendlini/esitaladini noma izikrini zekhompyutha/zefoni.Izibani ezimhlophe ezikhanyayo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezinokushisa kombala ophezulu (3000k+), zinephesenti elikhulu lokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi azinempilo emehlweni.Ukukhanya kwelanga, ikakhulukazi emini emini okubonakala emanzini, nakho kuqukethe iphesenti eliphezulu lokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuholela ekulimaleni kwamehlo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Ngenhlanhla umkhathi womhlaba uyahlunga (uhlakaza) ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokwezinga elithile - inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-rayleigh scattering' - kodwa ukukhanya kwelanga kwasemini kusenokuningi, njengoba kwenza ukukhanya kwelanga emkhathini okubonwa osomkhathi.Amanzi amunca ukukhanya okubomvu kakhulu kunokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngakho ukukhanya kwelanga emachibini/olwandle/njll kuwumthombo ogqame kakhulu wokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.Akukhona nje ukukhanya kwelanga okuveziwe okungalimaza, njengoba 'iso le-surfer' liyinkinga evamile ehlobene nokulimala kokukhanya kwe-UV.Abaqwali, abazingeli kanye nabanye abangaphandle bangakuthuthukisa lokhu.Amatilosi endabuko afana namaphoyisa amadala ebutho lasolwandle kanye nabaphangi basolwandle cishe njalo bazoba nezinkinga zokubona ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokukhanya kwelanga olwandle, okubhebhethekiswa izinkinga zokudla okunomsoco.Amaza e-infrared akude (kanye nokushisa nje ngokuvamile) angaba yingozi emehlweni, njengakwamanye amaseli omzimba, ukulimala kokusebenza kwenzeka lapho amaseli efudumala kakhulu (46°C+/115°F+).Izisebenzi zemisebenzi emidala ehlobene nesithando somlilo njengokuphatha injini nokuvunguza izingilazi zihlale zinezinkinga zamehlo (njengoba ukushisa okuvela emlilweni/ezithandweni kune-infrared).Ukukhanya kwe-laser kuyingozi kakhulu emehlweni, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla.Okuthile okufana nelaser eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ye-UV kungaba okulimaza kakhulu, kodwa amalaser aluhlaza, aphuzi, abomvu naseduze ne-infrared asengadala umonakalo.
Izimo zamehlo zasiza
Ukubona okujwayelekile - ukubona kahle, ulwelwesi, i-Diabetic Retinopathy, i-Macular Degeneration - i-aka AMD noma ukuwohloka kwe-macular okuhlobene nobudala, amaphutha e-Refractive, i-Glaucoma, Iso Lomile, izinto ezintantayo.
Izicelo ezingokoqobo
Ukusebenzisa ukwelapha ukukhanya emehlweni ngaphambi kokuchayeka elangeni (noma ukuchayeka ekukhanyeni okumhlophe okukhanyayo).Ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke / kwamasonto onke ukuvimbela ukonakala kwamehlo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-20-2022