Ukushiswa kwesikhumba endlini sekuyinto ethandwayo emhlabeni wonke ngobuhle kanye nokuphila kahle, kodwa abantu abaningi bayamangala ukuzwa ukuthi imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba ibilokhu ikhona amashumi eminyaka. Umbhede wokuqala wesimanje wokushiswa kwesikhumba wakhiwa e-Iminyaka yama-1970, okuphawula ukuqala kwemboni yokuhweba ngokushuba ngaphakathi endlini.
Imvelaphi Yombhede Wokuqala Wokushiswa Kwesikhumba
Imibhede yokuqala yokushiswa kwesikhumba yasungulwa ngo-IJalimane phakathi nawo-1970Usosayensi nonjiniyela waseJalimaneUFriedrich WolffKunconywa kakhulu ngokusiza ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe bokuqala bokushiswa kwe-UV ngemuva kokucwaninga ngemiphumela yokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet emzimbeni womuntu.
Ekuqaleni, amadivayisi okukhanya kwe-UV ayengaklanyelwe ukushiswa kwesikhumba kuphela. Izibani zokuqala ze-ultraviolet zazivame ukusetshenziswa ngezinjongo zokwelapha nokwelapha, okuhlanganisa ukwelashwa kwesikhumba okusekelwe ekukhanyeni kanye nocwaningo lwe-vitamin D.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abacwaningi bathola ukuthi ukuvezwa kwe-UV okulawulwayo kungenza isikhumba sibe mnyama ngokukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwemibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba ethengiswayo.
Indlela Imibhede Yokushiswa Kwesikhumba Eyayisetshenzwa Ngayo
Imibhede yokuqala yokushiswa kwesikhumba yayisebenzisa izibani ze-UV ezikhanyayo ezazikhipha imisebe ye-ultraviolet efana nokukhanya kwelanga kwemvelo. Lezi zinhlelo zokuqala zazilula kakhulu kunemishini yokushiswa kwesikhumba yezentengiselwano yanamuhla futhi zazivame ukungabi nezinhlelo zokupholisa ezithuthukisiwe, imiklamo ye-ergonomic, kanye nezakhiwo zezibani ezilinganiselayo ezitholakala emishinini yesimanje.
Imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba yasekuqaleni ivame ukuba nalokhu:
- Amashubhu ayisisekelo e-UV fluorescent
- Ukupholisa kanye nokungenisa umoya okulinganiselwe
- Izibali-sikhathi ezenziwe ngesandla
- Ukungaguquguquki kwesikhumba okuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlelo zesimanje
Naphezu kokulula kwayo, ukushiswa kwesikhumba endlini kwasheshe kwathandwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu futhi kamuva kwanda eNyakatho Melika ngawo-1980.
Kungani Ukushiswa Kwesikhumba Kwangaphakathi Kwaba Yinto Edumile
Ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, ukushiswa kwesikhumba kwase kuhlotshaniswa nalokhu:
- Izindlela zokuphila zeholide
- Imfashini nezitayela zobuhle
- Ukubukeka kwesikhumba esinsundu
- Ukulula kokushiswa kwesikhumba unyaka wonke
Izindawo zokusula ibala ngaphakathi zaqala ukuvulwa emhlabeni wonke, zinikeza izikhathi zokuhlanza ibala ezilawulwayo kungakhathaliseki isimo sezulu noma isizini.
Ukuvela Kwemibhede Yesimanje Yokushiswa Kwesikhumba
Imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba yanamuhla ithuthuke kakhulu kunemiklamo yokuqala yango-1970. Abakhiqizi manje bagxile ku:
- Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-UV okulinganayo kakhulu
- Ukugeleza komoya okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokupholisa
- Ukusebenza kahle kokushiswa kwesikhumba ngokushesha
- Induduzo yomsebenzisi ethuthukisiwe
- Izinhlelo zokulawula ezihlakaniphile
- Imiklamo yesaluni yezentengiselwano enesitayela
Izinhlelo zesimanje zokushiswa kwesikhumba ezimile ziye zathandwa kakhulu ngoba zinikeza ukuchayeka okungu-360° kanye nokufana okuthuthukisiwe kokushiswa kwesikhumba.
Imibhede Yokushiswa Kwesikhumba Emakethe Yanamuhla
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlelo ezindala zokubeka phansi, imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba emile ivame ukuthandwa ezindaweni zokucwala izinwele zobungcweti ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo kahle kanye nomklamo ohlanzekile. Izinhlelo zokushiswa kwesikhumba eziqondile zivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bahambe ngokukhululeka ngesikhathi seseshini ngenkathi benciphisa izindawo zokuthintana ngqo nomzimba.
Abakhiqizi abaningi besimanje bokushiswa kwesikhumba bayaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bokushiswa kwesikhumba ukuze bathuthukise ukuhambisana, induduzo, kanye nobuhle be-salon kubasebenzisi bezentengiselwano emhlabeni jikelele.
Imicabango Yokugcina
Umbhede wokuqala wokushiswa kwesikhumba owasungulwa ngawo-1970 wasiza ekuguquleni ukushiswa kwesikhumba ngaphakathi kwaba imboni yomhlaba wonke. Lokho okwaqala njengobuchwepheshe bokukhanya kwe-UV bokuhlola kwagcina sekuguqukele ezinhlelweni zokushiswa kwesikhumba zezentengiselwano eziyinkimbinkimbi ezibonakala namuhla. Imibhede yesimanje yokushiswa kwesikhumba manje ihlanganisa ubunjiniyela obuthuthukisiwe, ukuvezwa kwe-UV okulinganiselayo, kanye nomklamo ogxile kumsebenzisi ukuze kulethwe isipiliyoni sokushiswa kwesikhumba esisebenza kahle nesikhululekile.
